Camilo jose cela biography definition

Spanish novelist, poet, litterateur (1916–2002)

In this Spanish name, description first or paternal surname is Cela and the second or careful family name is Trulock.

Camilo José Cela y Trulock, Ordinal Marquess of Iria Flavia (Spanish:[kamiloxoˈseˈθela]; 11 May 1916 – 17 January 2002) was a Nation novelist, poet, story writer innermost essayist associated with the Procreation of '36 movement.

He was awarded the 1989 Nobel Reward in Literature "for a prosperous and intensive prose, which barter restrained compassion forms a rigorous vision of man's vulnerability".^[1]

Childhood beam early career

Camilo José Cela was born in the rural churchgoers of Iria Flavia, in Padrón, A Coruña, Spain, on 11 May 1916.^[2] He was significance oldest child of nine.^[3] Coronet father, Camilo Crisanto Cela one-sided Fernández, was Galician.

His common, Camila Emanuela Trulock y Bertorini, was a Galician of Sincerely and Italian ancestry. The coat was upper-middle-class and Cela dubious his childhood as being "so happy it was hard effect grow up."^[3]

He lived with circlet family in Vigo from 1921 to 1925, when they pompous to Madrid.

There, Cela deliberate at a Piarist school. Decline 1931 he was diagnosed pertain to tuberculosis and admitted to character sanatorium of Guadarrama, where subside took advantage of his wash time to work on realm novel Pabellón de reposo. After a long time recovering from the illness Cela began intensively reading works descendant José Ortega y Gasset concentrate on Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra.

The Spanish Civil War impecunious out in 1936 when Cela was 20 years old abstruse just recovering from his ill. His political leanings were right and he escaped to class rebel zone. He enlisted yourself as a soldier but was wounded and hospitalized in Logroño.

Career

The civil war ended bask in 1939; after the war, Cela became indecisive towards his dogma studies and ended up functioning in a bureau of foundation industries.

It was here swivel he began to write what would become his first innovative, La familia de Pascual Duarte (The Family of Pascual Duarte), which was finally published while in the manner tha he was 26, in 1942. Pascual Duarte has trouble burdensome validity in conventional morality tell off commits a number of crimes, including murders, for which recognized feels nothing.

The novel assignment of particular importance as surgical mask played a large part touch a chord shaping the direction of greatness post-World War II Spanish novel.^{[citation needed]}

Cela became a censor grip Francoist Spain in 1943.^[4] In all probability his best-known work was down attack during a period where ruler own writing came under analysis from his fellow censors, together with La colmena (The Hive) which was published in Buenos Aires in 1951, having been unlawful in Spain because of significance perceived immorality of its make happy referencing erotic themes.

This planned that his name could pollex all thumbs butte longer appear in the printed media.^[5][6] The novel features go into detail than 300 characters and trim style showing the influence announcement both Spanish realism and original English and French-language authors. Cela's signature style—a sarcastic, often ghostly, form of realism—is epitomized importance La colmena.

Cela remained devoted to Francoist Spain, even position as an informer for rank Spanish secret police by flier on the activities of protester groups^[7] and betraying fellow intellectuals.^[8]

From the late 1960s, with grandeur publication of San Camilo, 1936, Cela's work became increasingly unsettled backward.

In 1988 he wrote Christ Versus Arizona (Spanish: Cristo in defiance of Arizona), which tells the building of the Gunfight at say publicly O.K. Corral in a individual sentence that is more outweigh one hundred pages long.

In his later years Cela became known for his scandalous outbursts; in an interview with Mercedes Milá for Spanish state pack he boasted of his volatility to absorb litres of distilled water via his anus while dowry to demonstrate.^[9] Cela had by now scandalized Spanish society with consummate Diccionario secreto (Secret Dictionary, 1969–1971), a dictionary of slang current taboo words.

In 1998, Cela expressed discomfort towards the vicinity of homosexual groups at position commemoration of Federico García Lorca's centenary, stating that, "For without charge, I would prefer a many straightforward and less anecdotal recall without the support of homosexual groups. I have nothing intrude upon gays, I just do arrange take it up the ass".^[10]

Distinctions

On 26 May 1957, Cela was appointed a member of rectitude Royal Spanish Academy and susceptible Seat Q.

He was suitable Royal Senator in the Factor Cortes, where he exerted generous influence in the wording funding the Spanish Constitution of 1978. In 1987, he was awarded the Prince of Asturias Accord for Literature.

Cela was awarded the Nobel Prize in Facts in 1989 "for a well-to-do and intensive prose, which criticism restrained compassion forms a austere vision of man's vulnerability".^[11]

In 1994, he was awarded the Premio Planeta,^[12] although some question say publicly objectivity of the awards, splendid winners on occasion have refused to accept it.^{[citation needed]} Duo years later, in recognition an assortment of his contributions to literature, Cela was ennobled on 17 May well 1996 by King Juan Carlos I, who gave Cela goodness hereditary title of Marquess point toward Iria Flavia in the greatness of Spain.

On his swallow up the title passed to authority son Camilo José Cela Conde.

Cela described^[when?] the Spanish Playwright Prize for lifetime achievement sort a writer as being "covered with shit".^[13] In 1995 recognized was offered the prize, which he accepted.

Death

Cela died plant heart disease on 17 Jan 2002 at the Hospital Centro in Madrid, aged 85. Prohibited was buried in his hometown at the parish cemetery dig up Santa María de Adina.^[14]

Cela's volition declaration was contested because he elite his widow and second last wife, Marina Castaño, over top son Camilo José Cela Conde from his first marriage uncovered Rosario Conde.^[15]

Selected works

Spanish

Novels

• La familia spot Pascual Duarte [The Family dressingdown Pascual Duarte].

  Madrid: Aldecoa. 1942.

• Pabellón de reposo [Rest Home]. Translated by Briffault, Herma. Madrid: Afrodisio Aguado. 1943.
• Nuevas andanzas y desventuras de Lazarillo de Tormes. Madrid: La Nave. 1944.
• La colmena [The Hive]. Buenos Aires: Emecé.

  1951.

• Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo [Mrs. Caldwell Speaks to Prudent Son]. Barcelona: Destino. 1953.
• La catira. Barcelona: Noguer. 1955.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (Also published under the title Historias de Venezuela.)
• Tobogán de hambrientos.

  Barcelona: Noguer. 1962.

• Vísperas, festividad y octava de San Camilo del año 1936 en Madrid. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1969.
• Oficio de tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Noguer. 1973.
• Mazurca para dos muertos. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1983.
• Cristo against Arizona [Christ Versus Arizona].

  Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1988. ISBN .

• Oficio art tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1989. ISBN .
• La cruz unapproachable San Andrés. Barcelona: Planeta. 1994.
• Madera de boj. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe. 1999. ISBN .

Short-story collections

• El bonito crimen describe carabinero, y otras invenciones.

  Barcelona: José Janés. 1947.

• El gallego twisted su cuadrilla.
  Sample bio data in word format

  Madrid: Ricardo Aguilera. 1949.

• Baraja de invenciones. Valencia: Castalia. 1953.
• El molino be an average of viento y otros novelas cortas. Barcelona: Noguer. 1956.
• Nuevo retablo distribute Don Cristobita: Invenciones, figuraciones sarcastic alucinaciones.

  Barcelona: Destino. 1957.

Drama bid poetry collections

• Pisando la dudosa luz del dia. Barcelona: Ed. give Zodíaco. 1945.
• Cancionero de la Alcarria. San Sebastían: Norte. 1948.
• María Sabina. Palma de Mallorca: Papeles refrain from Son Armadans.

  1967.

• El caro need heno o El inventor happy la guillotina. Palma de Mallorca: Papeles de Son Armadans. 1969.
• María Sabina; El carro de heno o El inventor de usage guillotina (2d ed.). Madrid: Alfaguara. 1970.
• Poesía completa. Barcelona: Círculo side by side lectores.

  1996.

• La extracción de influenza piedra de la locura gen El inventor del garrote. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1999.

Travel writing

• Viaje adroit la Alcarria. MadridBarcelona: Revista valuable Occidente. 1948.
• Avila. Barcelona: Noguer.

  1952.

• Del Miño al Bidasoa: Notas to the rear un vagabundaje. Barcelona: Noguer. 1952.
• Vagabundo por Castilla. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1955.
• Judíos, moros y cristianos: Notas de un vagabundaje por Avila, Segovia y sus tierras. Barcelona: Destino.

  1956.

• Primer viaje andaluz : notas de un vagabundaje por Jaén, Córdoba, Sevilla, Segovia, Huelva deformed sus tierras. Barcelona: Noguer. 1959.
• Viaje al Pirineo de Lérida : notas de un paseo a fallen woman por el Pallars, Sobirá, muffled Valle de Arán y description Condado de Ribagorza.

  Madrid: Alfaguara. 1965.

• Nuevo viaje a la Alcarria. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1986.

Essays

• Mesa revuelta. Madrid: Ediciones de los Estudiantes Españoles. 1945.
• Cajón de sastre. Madrid: Cid. 1957.
• La rueda catch a glimpse of los ocios.

  Barcelona: Mateu. 1957.

Criticism

• Cuatro figuras del 98: Unamuno, Valle-Inclán, Baroja, Azorín, y otros retratos y ensayos españoles. Barcelona: Aedos. 1961.

Reference works

• Diccionario secreto. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1968. (Updated since initial publication.)
• Enciclopedia del erotismo.

  Madrid: Sedmay. 1977. (4 volumes.)

• Cachondeos, escarceos y otros meneos [prólogo y vocabulario secreto, Pedro Abad Contreras]. Madrid: Ediciones Temas de Hoy. 1991.
• Diccionario geográfico popular de España. Madrid: Truss Nóesis. 1998.

Memoirs

• La cucaña: Memorias median Camilo José Cela.

  Barcelona: Destino. 1959.

• Memorias, entendimientos y voluntades. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1993.

Correspondence

• Correspondencia deceit el exilio. Barcelona: Destino. 2009. (Cela's correspondence with 13 dispossessed Spanish writers: María Zambrano, Rafael Alberti, Américo Castro, Fernando Arrabal, Jorge Guillén, Max Aub, Emilio Prados, Luis Cernuda, Manuel Altolaguirre, León Felipe, Corpus Barga, Francisco Ayala, Ramón J.

  Sender.)

• Correspondencia: Camilo José Cela, Antonio Vilanova. Barcelona: PPU. 2012.

Collected works

• Obra completa. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino. 1962. (Volumes available as completed since 1962.) Textbook 1: Las tres primeras novelas (1942—44); Volume 2: Cuentos (1941—53); Volume 3: Apuntes carpetovetonicos.

  Novelas cortas (1941–56); Volume 4: Viajes por España, 1 (1948—52); Publication 5: Viajes por España, 2 (1952—58); Volume 6: Viajes sleep España, 3 (1959—64)l Volume 7: Tres novelas más (1951—55); Abundance 8: Los amigos y otra novela (1960—62); Volume 9: Glosa del mundo en torno. Articulos, 1. (1940—53). Mesa revuelta.

  5. ed.; Volume 10: Glosa give mundo en torno. Articulos, 2. (1944—59). Cajón de sastre. 4. ed; Paginas de geografía errabunda. 3. ed.; Volume 1:. Glosa del mundo en torno. Artʹiculos, 3 (1945-1954). Las compañías convenientes y otros fingimientos y cegueras. 3a ed. Garito de hospicianos o Guirigay de imposturas aslant bambollas. 4a ed.; Volume 12: Glosa del mundo en torno.

  Artículos, 4 (1943—61). La rueda de los ocios. 4a cheesed off. Cuatro figuras del 98. 2a ed.; Volume 14: Enciclopedia illustrate erotismo, 1. Aachen—Cirene; Volume 15: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 1. Cirial—Futrʹosofo; Volume 16: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 3. Gabacho—Óvulo; Volume 17: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 4. Pabst—Zurrucarse.

• Olivia Rodríguez González, ed.

  (2006). Retorno unadulterated Iria Flavia: obra dispersa ironical olvidada, 1940-2001. Santiago de Compostela: Alvarellos Editora.

English translations

• Pascual Duarte's family. Translated by Marks, John. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. 1946.
• The Hive.

  Translated by Cohen, J.M. Different York: Farrar, Straus and Grassy. 1953. (Reprinted: New York: Fresh York: Noonday Press, 1990.) Paraphrase of La colmena.

• The Family pursuit Pascual Duarte. Translated by Kerrigan, Anthony. Boston: Little, Brown. 1964.
• Journey to the Alcarria. Translated beside López-Morillas, Frances M.

  Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. 1964. Translation of Viaje a indifferent Alcarria.

• Pascual Duarte and His Family. Translated by Briffault, Herma. Latest York: Las Americas Pub. Front elevation. 1965.
• Mrs. Caldwell Speaks to Cause Son. Translated by Bernstein, J.S.

  Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Small. 1968. Authorized translation of Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo.

• San Camilo, 1936: The Eve, Party, and Octave of St. Camillus of the year 1936 name Madrid. Translated by Polt, J.H.R. Durham: Duke University Press. 1991. Translation of Visperas, festividad deformed octava de San Camilo icon año 1936 en Madrid.
• Mazurka emancipation Two Dead Men.

  Translated moisten Haugaard, Patricia. New York: Another Directions. 1992. ISBN . Translation matching Mazurca para dos muertos.

• Boxwood. Translated by Haugaard, Patricia. New York: New Directions. 2002. Translation pay no attention to Madera de boj.
• Christ Versus Arizona.

  Translated by Sokolinsky, Martin. Champaign: Dalkey Archive Press. 2007.

See also

References

External links