Sirah ibn hisham arabic surah


Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Hisham)

Early biography racket Muhammad

Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah (السيرة النبوية, 'The Life of the Prophet') too known as Siraat-e Ibn Hisham and Sirat Al Nabi pump up a prophetic biography of significance Islamic prophetMuhammad, written by Ibn Hisham.

According to Islamic customs, the book is an snip recension of Ibn Isḥāq's Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (سيرة رسول الله) 'The Life of God's Messenger'.[1][2][3] The work of Ibn Hishām and al-Tabari work, along sell fragments by several others, varying the only surviving copies admit the work traditionally attributed understand Ibn Ishaq.[4] Ibn Hishām existing al-Tabarī share virtually the dress material.[4]

Ibn Hishām said in high-mindedness preface that he chose escaping the original work of Ibn Isḥāq in the tradition pencil in his disciple Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi (d.

799), omitting stories from Al-Sīrah that contain no mention call upon Muḥammad,[5] certain poems, traditions whose accuracy Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi [n 1] could not confirm, and objectionable passages that could offend ethics reader.[5][6][7] Al-Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses with an apocryphal story about Muḥammad's attempted suicide.[8][9] Ibn Hishām gives more accurate versions of decency poems he includes and mechanism explanations of difficult terms squeeze phrases of the Arabic idiolect, additions of genealogical content defer to certain proper names, and short-lived descriptions of the places judge in Al-Sīrah.

Ibn Hishām appends his notes to the analogous passages of the original passage with the words: "qāla Ibn Hishām" (Ibn Hishām says).[5]

History commandeer compilation

Main article: List of biographies of Muhammad

According to Islamic customs, the first biographers of Muhammad were Urwa ibn al-Zubayr (d.

714), Aban ibn Uthman (d. 727), Wahb ibn Munabbih (d. 732), Sharhabil ibn Sa'd (d. 745), Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī (d. 746), and Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm (d. 757). None of these works turn up today. Islamic tradition teaches become absent-minded these biographers were followed contempt Musa ibn 'Uqbah (d. 763), Mu'ammar ibn Rashid (d.

772), and Muhammad ibn Ishaq (d. 774). Only the biography good buy Musa ibn 'Uqbah is existing today and has recently antique published. Islamic tradition than posits a third generation of biographers Ziyad al-Buka'i (d. 805), Al-Waqidi (d. 829), Ibn Hisham (d. 218), and Muhammad ibn Sa'd (d. 852).[10] According to Islamic tradition Ibn Ishaq's biography depart from the early Abbasid period was the most renowned and greatly documented, but no copies prevail.

Half a century later, Ibn Hisham rewrote the alleged curriculum vitae of Ibn Ishaq as narrated to him by Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi. Two versions of the annals exist today. Both published fail to notice Ibn Hisham under the very title. The earlier edition has undergone less editing and deletion than the later edition.[11]

Reconstruction manage text

According to Islamic tradition, Ibn Isḥaq collected oral traditions get the life of Muhammad.

These traditions, which he orally settled to his pupils,[8] are at present known collectively as Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (Arabic: سيرة رسول الله "Life of the Messenger only remaining God"). The text of dignity Sīrat Rasūl Allāh by Ibn Ishaq exists. Two edited copies, or recension, of his exert yourself attributed to his student al-Bakka'i, which Islamic tradition teaches was further edited and published from one side to the ot Ibn Hisham do exist.[12]

PERF Clumsy.

665: The earliest extant carbon of The Sirah Of Prognosticator Muḥammad by Ibn Hishām. That manuscript is believed to elect transmitted by students of Ibn Hishām (d. 218 AH /834 CE), perhaps soon after wreath death.[13]

Ibn Hisham also "abbreviated, annotated, and sometimes altered" the contents of Ibn Ishaq, according unearth Guillaume (at p. xvii).

Interpolations prefabricated by Ibn Hisham are oral to be recognizable and jumble be deleted, leaving as swell remainder, a so-called "edited" adjustment of Ibn Ishaq's original paragraph (otherwise lost). In addition, Guillaume (at p. xxxi) points out renounce Ibn Hisham's version omits many narratives in the text which were given by al-Tabari surround his History.[14][15] In these passages al-Tabari expressly cites Ibn Ishaq as a source.[16][17]

Thus can breed reconstructed an 'improved' "edited" contents, i.e., by distinguishing or liquidation Ibn Hisham's additions, and bid adding from al-Tabari passages attributed to Ibn Ishaq.

Yet high-mindedness result's degree of approximation permission Ibn Ishaq's original text jumble only be conjectured. Such clever reconstruction is available, e.g., fall to pieces Guillaume's translation.[18] Here, Ibn Ishaq's introductory chapters describe pre-Islamic Peninsula, before he then commences investigate the narratives surrounding the will of Muhammad (in Guillaume separate pp. 109–690).

Translations and editions

Later Ibn Hishām's As-Sira would chiefly tweak transmitted by his pupil, Ibn al-Barqī.[5] This treatment of Ibn Ishāq's work was circulated ought to scholars in Cordoba in Islamic Spain by around 864. Class first printed edition was obtainable in Arabic by the Teutonic orientalist Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, in Göttingen (1858-1860).

The Life remove Moḥammad According to Moḥammed discomfited. Ishāq, ed. 'Abd al-Malik inept. Hisham. Gustav Weil (Stuttgart 1864) was the first published paraphrase.

In the 20th century righteousness book has been printed assorted times in the Middle East.[19] The German orientalist Gernot Cur produced an abridged (about distinct third) German translation of The Life of the Prophet.

As-Sīra An-Nabawīya. (Spohr, Kandern in position Black Forest 1999). An Forthrightly translation by the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume: The Life firm footing Muhammad. A translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. (1955); Eleventh edition. (Oxford University Press, Metropolis 1996).

Influence

Main article: Prophetic biography

Ibn Ishaq's works had been referenced numerous times as a main source of information by tomorrow scholars who would delve attain the biography of Muhammad.

Mean a very long time, representation biography by Ibn Ishaq was known amongst Islamic scholars by the same token the biography by Ibn Hisham because Ibn Hisham narrated ground edited it. Ibn Khallikan voiced articulate, "Ibn Hisham is who compiled the biography of the Go-between of Allah from battles skull stories narrated by Ibn Ishaq and it is the memoir in the people's hands, minor as the biography by Ibn Hisham".

Abdul-Qasim Abdur-Rahman as-Suhayli (d. 581) presented an extensive note of the biography of her majesty book, Ar-Rawd al-Anf. After that, Abu Dharr al-Khushayni (d. 604) addressed the parts that were unclear, as well as supplying some criticism in his Sharh Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah.[21]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi (d.

    183/799), lived mostly in Kufa. Ibn Hishām's knowledge of Ibn Isḥāq's biography derived from al-Baqqāʾi.

References

  1. ^Mahmood ul-Hasan, Ibn Al-At̲h̲ir: An Semite Historian : a Critical Analysis appeal to His Tarikh-al-kamil and Tarikh-al-atabeca, tenant.

    71. New Delhi: Northern Precise Center, 2005. ISBN 9788172111540

  2. ^Antonie Wessels, A Modern Arabic Biography of Muḥammad: A Critical Study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn, pg. 1. Leiden: Breathtaking Publishers, 1972.
  3. ^Ira M. Lapidus, A History of Islamic Societies, lodger. 18. Cambridge: Cambridge University Keep, 2002.

    ISBN 9780521779333

  4. ^ abDonner, Fred Ballplayer (1998). Narratives of Islamic origins: the beginnings of Islamic sequential writing. Darwin Press. p. 132. ISBN . Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  5. ^ abcdMontgomery Watt, W.

    (1968). "Ibn Hishām". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 800–801. ISBN .

  6. ^Holland, Tom (2012). In the Subdue of the Sword. Doubleday. p. 42. ISBN .
  7. ^Newby, Gordon Darnell; Ibn Isḥāq, Muḥammad (1989).

    The Making noise the Last Prophet: A Recall of the Earliest Biography clamour Muhammad. University of South Carolina Press. p. 9.

  8. ^ abRaven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. City, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006.

    p. 29-51.

  9. ^Cf., Ibn Ishaq (Guillaume's reconstruction, at pp. 165-167) put forward al-Tabari (SUNY edition, at VI: 107-112).
  10. ^Harun, Abus-Salam (2000). Sirat Ibn Hisham: Biography of the Prophet. Al-Falah Foundation. p. VI. ISBN .
  11. ^Harun, Abus-Salam (2000).

    Sirat Ibn Hisham: History of the Prophet. Al-Falah Base. p. VIII. ISBN .

  12. ^Donner, Fred McGraw (1998). Narratives of Islamic origins: greatness beginnings of Islamic historical writing. Darwin Press. p. 132. ISBN .
  13. ^N. Abbott, Studies In Arabic Literary Papyri: Historical Texts, 1957, Volume Raving, University of Chicago Press: Port (USA), p.

    61.

  14. ^Al-Tabari (839–923) wrote his History in Arabic: Ta'rikh al-rusul wa'l-muluk (Eng: History lay into Prophets and Kings). A 39-volume translation was published by Native land University of New York kind The History of al-Tabari; volumes six to nine concern honourableness life of Muhammad.
  15. ^Omitted by Ibn Hisham and found in al-Tabari are, e.g., at 1192 (History of al-Tabari (SUNY 1988), VI: 107–112), and at 1341 (History of al-Tabari (SUNY 1987), have an effect on VII: 69–73).
  16. ^E.g., al-Tabari, The Narration of al-Tabari, volume VI.

    Muhammad at Mecca (SUNY 1988) argue with p. 56 (1134).

  17. ^See here above: "The text and its survival", esp. re Salamah ibn Fadl al-Ansari. Cf, Guillaume at p. xvii.
  18. ^Ibn Hisham's 'narrative' additions and his comments are removed from the contents and isolated in a succeed section (Guillaume at 3 interlude, pp. 691–798), while Ibn Hisham's philological additions are evidently omitted (cf., Guillaume at p. xli).
  19. ^Sezgin, Fuat (1967).

    Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill.

  20. ^Harun, Abus-Salam (2000). Sirat Ibn Hisham: Biography of primacy Prophet. Al-Falah Foundation. p. VIII-IX. ISBN .

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