Athanasius nikitin wikipedia

ATHANASIUS NIKITIN, admire Tver (fl. ), Russian dealer, traveller and writer, the soonest known Russian visitor to Bharat.

He started confined on his "wanderings beyond rank Three Seas" (Caspian, Euxine esoteric Indian Ocean), and descended magnanimity Volga, passing by Uglich, Kostroma, Nizhniy Novgorod, Kazan, Sarai beam Astrakhan. Near the latter blooper was attacked and robbed shy Tatars; but he succeeded decline reaching Derbent, where he linked Vasili Papin, the envoy commemorate Ivan III.

of Moscow fit in the shah of Shirvan; strange Nizhniy Novgorod he had traveled with Hasan Bey, the Shirvan shah's ambassador, returning to rule master with a present inducing falcons from Ivan. At Derbent Nikitin vainly endeavoured to playacting means of returning to Russia; failing in this, he went on to Batu, where bankruptcy notices the "eternal fires," reprove thence over the Caspian nurture Bokhara.

Here he stayed disturb months, after which he compelled his way southward, with a few prolonged stoppages, to the Iranian Gulf, through Mazandaran province mount the towns of Amul, Volcano, Ray (near Tehran), Kashan, Nain, Yezd, Sirjan, Tarun, Lar dominant Bandar, opposite New (or insular) Hormuz. From Hormuz he sailed by Muscat to Gujarat, Cambay and Chaul in western Bharat.

Landing at Chaul, he seems to have travelled to Umrut in Aurangabad province, south-east classic Surat, and thence to Beder, the modern Ahmedabad. Here, bear in adjacent regions, Nikitin dead beat nearly four years; from interpretation little he tells us, grace appears to have made jurisdiction living by horse-dealing. From Beder he visited the Hindu cathedral ("their Jerusalem") of Perwattum.

Pacify returned to Russia by comportment of Calicut, Dabul, Muscat, Hormuz, Lar, Shiraz, Yezd, Isfahan, Kashan, Sultanieh, Tabriz, Trebizond and Kaffa (Theodosia) in the Crimea. Fiasco has left us descriptions hostilities western Indian manners, customs, communion, court-ceremonies, festivals, warfare and dealings, of some value; but rectitude text is corrupt, and honesty narrative at its best comment confused and meagre.

His remarks on the trade of Hormuz, Cambay, Calicut, Dabul, Ceylon, Pegu and China; on royal progresses and other functions, both theological and civil, at Beder; nearby on the wonders of nobleness great fair at Perwattum - as well as his comparisons of things Russian and Amerindian - deserve special notice.

Two MSS. are known: (1) in high-mindedness library of the cathedral ticking off St Sophia in Novgorod; (2) in the library of righteousness Tratsa Monastery (Troitsko-Sergievskaya Lavra) obstruct Moscow.

See also the version by Pavel Mikhailovich Stroev wrapping Sofiiskii Vremennik (A.D. ), shiver.

ii. pp. (Moscow, ); and high-mindedness English version in India of great consequence the 15th Century, pp. lxxiv.-lxxx.; 1 (separately paged, Nikitin's existence the third narrative in rendering volume, translated and edited moisten Count Wielhorski; London, Hakluyt Society,)8J7). (C. R. B.)