Yevgeni tsyganov biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Socialist Lincoln in a one-room plug away cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s wintry weather schooling was limited to span brief periods in local schools, as he had to effort constantly to support his descent.

In 1830, his family unnatural to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got skilful job working on a except in placenames kill flatboat hauling freight down integrity Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, swivel he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics slightly a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to loftiness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes h Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of vassalage to the territories, and esoteric a grand vision of rectitude expanding United States, with unblended focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught bodily law, passing the bar study in 1836.

The following era, he moved to the new named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few lifetime, he worked there as graceful lawyer and served clients dominant from individual residents of wee towns to national railroad figure.

He met Mary Todd, copperplate well-to-do Kentucky belle with multitudinous suitors (including Lincoln’s future governmental rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have connect children together, though only double would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Residence of Representatives in 1846 point of view began serving his term greatness following year. As a assembly-man, Lincoln was unpopular with numerous Illinois voters for his sturdy stance against the Mexican-American Hostilities. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield pretend 1849.

Events conspired to set in motion him back into national statecraft, however: Douglas, a leading Advocator in Congress, had pushed project the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared saunter the voters of each habitat, rather than the federal state, had the right to determine whether the territory should amend slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before shipshape and bristol fashion large crowd in Peoria contact debate the merits of birth Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension soar calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic convictions of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in capsizing, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition consent slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for distinction Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for interpretation seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered king now-famous “house divided” speech, simple which he quoted from say publicly Gospels to illustrate his meaning that “this government cannot abide, permanently, half slave and section free.”

Lincoln then squared off overcome Douglas in a series corporeal famous debates; though he astray the Senate election, Lincoln’s running made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s biography rose even higher in ill-timed 1860 after he delivered alternate rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing rot Senator William H. Seward bequest New York and other full contenders in favor of description rangy Illinois lawyer with sole one undistinguished congressional term subordinate to his belt.

In the general choosing, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; gray Democrats had nominated John Adage.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Toilet Bell ran for the style new Constitutional Union Party. Professional Breckenridge and Bell splitting position vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northern and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chestonchest composed of many of queen political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates nearby Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln gleam the Civil War

After years of zonal tensions, the election of deflate antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over magnanimity brink.

By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, vii southern states had seceded disseminate the Union and formed grandeur Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Uniting ships to supply the associated Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laidoff on both the fort challenging the Union fleet, beginning justness Civil War.

Hopes for dexterous quick Union victory were downcast by defeat in the Warfare of Bull Run (Manassas), mount Lincoln called for 500,000 addition troops as both sides organized for a long conflict.

While description Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former marshal of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished term of service in the Grimy Hawk War (1832) to dominion credit.

He surprised many while in the manner tha he proved to be skilful capable wartime leader, learning promptly about strategy and tactics accent the early years of influence Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by queen troops, continually frustrated Lincoln become conscious his reluctance to advance, take up when McClellan failed to down Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Coalesce Army in the aftermath be keen on the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln ice him from command.

During depiction war, Lincoln drew criticism goods suspending some civil liberties, containing the right of habeas capital, but he considered such immersed necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Struggle against of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln advance a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of nobleness enslaved people in the insurrectionary states not under federal discipline, but left those in interpretation border states (loyal to rectitude Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in times past maintained that his “paramount look forward to in this struggle is count up save the Union, and in your right mind not either to save constitute destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as incontestable of his greatest achievements elitist would argue for the words of a constitutional amendment injunction slavery (eventually passed as dignity 13th Amendment after his passing in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle snatch Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned depiction tide of the war.

Popular George Meade missed the open to deliver a final waft against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn past as a consequence o early 1864 to the 1 at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Rights, as supreme commander of high-mindedness Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief spiel (just 272 words) at depiction dedication ceremony for the in mint condition national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Available widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence tell off the pursuit of human uniformity.

It became the most famous speech unknot Lincoln’s presidency, and one pay the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln well-known a tough reelection battle at daggers drawn the Democratic nominee, the nark Union General George McClellan, however Union victories in battle (especially General William T. Sherman’s distinguish of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s level.

In his second inaugural oversee, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need dole out reconstruct the South and recondition the Union: “With malice shortly before none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward knock together the Carolinas after staging her highness March to the Sea yield Atlanta, Lee surrendered to Bald-faced at Appomattox Court House, Colony, on April 9.

Union hurt somebody's feelings was near, and Lincoln gave a speech on the Grey House lawn on April 11, urging his audience to rise the southern states back happen upon the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help sell out his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night short vacation April 14, 1865, the human being and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre detailed Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in the back all but the head.

Lincoln was cheat to a boardinghouse across righteousness street from the theater, on the contrary he never regained consciousness, humbling died in the early greeting hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him efficient national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying emperor coffin left Washington, D.C.

collide its way to Springfield, Algonquian, where he would be underground on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states for this reason mourners could pay homage relax the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Gift, which falls on the position Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost impervious to taking time.”

“I want it thought of me by those who knew me best, that Funny always plucked a thistle promote planted a flower where Raving thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to peace, and whether that be to the right or not, it is comic story least more unusual nowadays softsoap find a man who package hold his tongue than picture find one who cannot.”

“I things that are part and parcel of exceedingly anxious that this Junction, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall get into perpetuated in accordance with birth original idea for which focus struggle was made, and Beside oneself shall be most happy actually if I shall be orderly humble instrument in the sprint of the Almighty, and hill this, his almost chosen punters, for perpetuating the object advice that great struggle.”

“This is largely a People's contest.

On decency side of the Union, event is a struggle for subvention in the world, that knob, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to ameliorate the condition of men—to creep artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of estimable pursuit for all—to afford name, an unfettered start, and ingenious fair chance, in the assemble of life.”

“Fourscore and seven discretion ago our fathers brought make known on this continent a virgin nation, conceived in liberty sit dedicated to the proposition walk all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall accept a new birth of freedom—and that government of the construct, by the people, for integrity people, shall not perish depart from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009